| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS | REGISTER |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
RESEARCH REPORT |
1 Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK
2 Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University College Cork, Ireland
3 Department of Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr S G Wannamethee, Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London NW3 2PF, UK;
goya{at}pcps.ucl.ac.uk
Background: This study examines the relation between alcohol and type II diabetes and the possible mediating effects of HDL-cholesterol and serum insulin.
Methods: Prospective study of 5221 men aged 40–59 years with no history of coronary heart disease, diabetes, or stroke drawn from general practices in 18 British towns.
Results: During the mean follow up of 16.8 years there were 198 incident cases of type II diabetes. Occasional drinkers were the reference group. A non-linear relation was seen between alcohol intake and age adjusted risk of diabetes, with risk lowest in light and moderate drinkers and highest in heavy drinkers (quadratic trend p=0.03). Further adjustment for body mass index decreased risk in heavy drinkers. After additional adjustment for physical activity, smoking, and (undiagnosed) pre-existing coronary heart disease, only moderate drinkers showed significantly lower risk than occasional drinkers (RR=0.66 95% CI 0.44 to 0.99). Alcohol intake was inversely associated with serum insulin and positively associated with HDL-cholesterol. Adjustment for these factors reduced the "protective" effect in moderate drinkers (adjusted RR=0.73 95% CI 0.48 to 1.10) but the quadratic trend remained significant (p=0.02).
Conclusion: There is a non-linear relation between alcohol intake and the risk of type II diabetes. Serum insulin and HDL-cholesterol explained a small amount (20%) of the reduction in risk of type II diabetes associated with moderate drinking. The adverse effect of heavy drinking seemed to be partially mediated through its effect on body weight.
Keywords: alcohol intake; type II diabetes; serum insulin
Relevant Article
J. Epidemiol. Community Health 2002 56: 481.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. Feng, L. Gao, Q. Guan, X. Hou, Q. Wan, X. Wang, and J. Zhao Long-term moderate ethanol consumption restores insulin sensitivity in high-fat-fed rats by increasing SLC2A4 (GLUT4) in the adipose tissue by AMP-activated protein kinase activation J. Endocrinol., October 1, 2008; 199(1): 95 - 104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Dakeishi, K. Murata, M. Sasaki, A. Tamura, and T. Iwata Association of alcohol dehydrogenase 2 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 genotypes with fasting plasma glucose levels in Japanese male and female workers Alcohol Alcohol., March 1, 2008; 43(2): 143 - 147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. G. Athyros, E. N. Liberopoulos, D. P. Mikhailidis, A. A. Papageorgiou, E. S. Ganotakis, K. Tziomalos, A. I. Kakafika, A. Karagiannis, S. Lambropoulos, and M. Elisaf Association of Drinking Pattern and Alcohol Beverage Type With the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Mediterranean Cohort Angiology, January 1, 2008; 58(6): 689 - 697. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. T. Gailliot and R. F. Baumeister The Physiology of Willpower: Linking Blood Glucose to Self-Control Personality and Social Psychology Review, November 1, 2007; 11(4): 303 - 327. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K.-C. Sung, S. H. Kim, and G. M. Reaven Relationship Among Alcohol, Body Weight, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in 27,030 Korean Men Diabetes Care, October 1, 2007; 30(10): 2690 - 2694. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. He, F. A. Simmen, H. M. Mehendale, M. J. J. Ronis, and T. M. Badger Chronic Ethanol Intake Impairs Insulin Signaling in Rats by Disrupting Akt Association with the Cell Membrane: ROLE OF TRB3 IN INHIBITION OF Akt/PROTEIN KINASE B ACTIVATION J. Biol. Chem., April 21, 2006; 281(16): 11126 - 11134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. M. Sebastian and L. E. Nagy Decreased insulin-dependent glucose transport by chronic ethanol feeding is associated with dysregulation of the Cbl/TC10 pathway in rat adipocytes Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2005; 289(6): E1077 - E1084. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. S. Schaeffner, T. Kurth, P. E. de Jong, R. J. Glynn, J. E. Buring, and J. M. Gaziano Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Renal Dysfunction in Apparently Healthy Men Arch Intern Med, May 9, 2005; 165(9): 1048 - 1053. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. L.J. Koppes, J. M. Dekker, H. F.J. Hendriks, L. M. Bouter, and R. J. Heine Moderate Alcohol Consumption Lowers the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis of prospective observational studies Diabetes Care, March 1, 2005; 28(3): 719 - 725. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J. Pletcher, P. Varosy, C. I. Kiefe, C. E. Lewis, S. Sidney, and S. B. Hulley Alcohol Consumption, Binge Drinking, and Early Coronary Calcification: Findings from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study Am. J. Epidemiol., March 1, 2005; 161(5): 423 - 433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Yoo, T. Nicklas, T. Baranowski, I. F Zakeri, S.-J. Yang, S. R Srinivasan, and G. S Berenson Comparison of dietary intakes associated with metabolic syndrome risk factors in young adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2004; 80(4): 841 - 848. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. B Schulze, S. Liu, E. B Rimm, J. E Manson, W. C Willett, and F. B Hu Glycemic index, glycemic load, and dietary fiber intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes in younger and middle-aged women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2004; 80(2): 348 - 356. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Avogaro, R. M. Watanabe, A. Dall'Arche, S. Vigili De Kreutzenberg, A. Tiengo, and G. Pacini Acute Alcohol Consumption Improves Insulin Action Without Affecting Insulin Secretion in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects Diabetes Care, June 1, 2004; 27(6): 1369 - 1374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Hoffmann, M. B. Schulze, A. Schienkiewitz, U. Nothlings, and H. Boeing Application of a New Statistical Method to Derive Dietary Patterns in Nutritional Epidemiology Am. J. Epidemiol., May 15, 2004; 159(10): 935 - 944. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. A. Howard, J. H. Arnsten, and M. N. Gourevitch Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review Ann Intern Med, February 3, 2004; 140(3): 211 - 219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Nakanishi, K. Suzuki, and K. Tatara Alcohol Consumption and Risk for Development of Impaired Fasting Glucose or Type 2 Diabetes in Middle-Aged Japanese Men Diabetes Care, January 1, 2003; 26(1): 48 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Minerva BMJ, July 20, 2002; 325(7356): 172 - 172. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS | REGISTER |
